Adults: 1 teaspoon of powdered dried seeds, alone or mixed with condensed milk and followed by half a glass of water, taken as a single dose 2 hours after a meal; repeated after one week as needed. Thought to decrease blood pressure. It has been used in folk medicine for its many health benefits that include the treatment of septic wounds, respiratory infections, stomach pains and kidney stones. The leaves are used as a flavoring in a similar way to chives, scallions, or garlic, and are included as a stir fry ingredient. Chopped kutsay are used in dumplings. This is only a brief summary of general information about this product. Kuchai or Chinese Chives are use in stir fry dishes. Reduces sebum in oily skin. medicinal uses of this plants. If there are no signs of yellowing or other leaf damage after a day or two, it is safe to use. Uses: Folkloric Oil Used for a variety of infectious and skin diseases, acne and scalp conditions. The bulbs grow very close together in dense clusters. In vitro experiments suggest that daidzein is more potent than daidzin or puerarin.27 Studies comparing kudzu with red clover, soybean, mung, and alfalfa sprouts found kudzu to be the most potent19, while another study suggested the ethanol extract of P. lobata is less effective than Pueraria mirifica or Mucana collettii.21, In one trial of 25 menopausal women, a decrease in the number of hot flushes per day occurred when a multiple-ingredient preparation containing kudzu extract was used.59 However, in a larger trial, a P. lobata extract did not demonstrate positive effects on symptoms of menopause.60 In another study, P. lobata root given to postmenopausal women for 60 days prior to hysterectomy resulted in increased collagen and elastin content and less blood loss during surgery.61, A few experimental studies in mice and human cells that investigated the hepatoprotective effects of puerarin and saponins demonstrated some antihepatotoxic activity.20, 62, 63, In an in vitro experiment, biochanin A demonstrated potential hypolipidemic activity via activation of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors.64, The effects of kudzu flower (as Pueraria thomsonii extract) on obesity have been evaluated in a clinical trial (N=81). Although there is little record to establish when plants were first used for medicinal purposes , the use of plants as healing agents, as well as clays and soils is ancient. This product may be unsafe when used before surgery or other medical procedures. Kutchay is an Ilocano term used to refer to garlic chives - an herb. Uses in Philippine traditional medicine: The most reported traditional medical uses are for diarrhea and dysentery. Reduces sebum in oily skin. Template:Sfn Other renderings include cuchay, kucai, kuchay, or kutsay. Kudzu was introduced to the United States in the late 1800s to control soil erosion.5 Although it is widely recognized as a ground cover and fodder crop in the Western world, kudzu also has a history of medicinal use in Asian cultures. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. • Used for wounds and bruises. Leave a Reply Cancel reply. Kutsay is a spice-vegetable known as nira in Japanese, gachoy in Cantonese, buchu in Korean, garlic chives, Chinese chives. Template:Sfn Other renderings include cuchay, kucai, kuchay, or kutsay. It is important to fully inform your doctor about the herbal, vitamins, mineral or any other supplements you are taking before any kind of surgery or medical procedure. This information should not be used to decide whether or not to take this product. Dr Abe V Rotor . The plant is highly used in China for its aphrodisiac property as well as nocturnal emission [11]. Medicinal plants can be used by anyone, for example as part of a salad, an herbal tea or supplement. Name * Email * Website. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -. You can use the leaves of chives to add some essence to butter and cheese preparations. Molave is also often used in reforestation projects in the country. I always have this with a chicken porridge added a calamansi and pepper. properties as in Onion, The whole plant MEDICINAL USE: Used as an appetizer and digestive. Select one or more newsletters to continue. Infusion of the leaves used as disinfectant and tonic for falling hair. Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking. It can be applied externally on boils, ulcers, wounds, fungus, cuts and piles. Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) has many uses outside the kitchen. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. It is generally believed that curcumin is the most important constituent of the curcuminoid mixture that contributes to the pharmacological profile of parent curcuminoid mixture or turmeric. The scientific name or botanical name for this herb is Allium tuberosum. Although there is little record to establish when plants were first used for medicinal purposes , the use of plants as healing agents, as well as clays and soils is ancient. Many herbalists, both professional and amateur, often grow or wildcraft their own herbs. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 2 Nov 2020), Cerner Multum™ (updated 2 Nov 2020), ASHP (updated 23 Oct 2020) and others. Folkloric - For cleansing the blood, a cup daily of an infusion of two grams of finely chopped leaves in each cup of water. A country lass, Isang displays a rare phenomenon of tillers (young plants)* arising from the inflorescence of Allium tuberosum. Ang kintsay o celery ay isang karaniwang gulay na mabibili sa mga pamilihan. Traditionally in … Curcuminoids, a mixture of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, are vital constituents of turmeric. The flowers of the chives plant have a mild onion flavor – and can be sprinkled onto salads. 6. Mimosa is useful in treating various ailments. The whole plant is antibacterial, cardiac, depurative, digestive, stimulant, stomachic and tonic. Its leaves, resistant to fungal, termite, and lyctus beetle attack, are used as fodder. Neem oil is used to treat certain chronic skin diseases, ulcers, different types of metritis, leprosy, gum and dental troubles. They can be propogated by using bulbs from mature plants. Reduced body mass index and visceral (but not subcutaneous) fat was demonstrated over 12 weeks.65, In an in vitro study of a Radix puerariae (kudzu root) extract, an increase in the synthesis of alkaline phosphatase in human osteoblast cells was observed.66, Based on pharmacokinetic studies in healthy adults, a 3-times-daily dosing schedule is recommended. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this product. Infusion of the leaves used as disinfectant and tonic for falling hair. These plant oils may be used internally in some forms of herbal medicine as well as in aromatherapy and generally for their perfume, although their medicinal use as a natural treatment (alternative medicine) has proved highly efficacious in the treatment of headache and … Reduces body pain. Kutsay grows perennially owning to its tubers that can survive extreme drought, and spring back to robust vegetation come rainy season. Some studies have shown that neem … Traditional uses Allium tuberosum is used for the treatment of asthma, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nocturnal emission and diabetes in folklore medicine [10]. It belongs kutsay can be use as an alternative antiseptic for cut and wounds. • Curcumin / Uses / Biological Basis of Medical Efficacy: Study reports on its potential therapeutic applications, with increasing data in animal and human models. The Health Benefits of Chives. there are many drugs available to decrease joint pain, swelling and inflammation, and possibly prevent or minimize the progression of the inflammatory disease. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Alcohol abuse: 3 g daily of kudzu extract (25% isoflavone content) has been studied in adults diagnosed with alcohol abuse/dependence. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. This information relates to an herbal, vitamin, mineral or other dietary supplement. Providing information on the prevalence and incidence of off-label use, and on its drivers; 2. * Laya (Ginger) is used for treating sprained extremities. You should talk with your health care provider for complete information about the risks and benefits of using this product. Parts used: Flowers. Medicinal properties of the oil are attributed to the presence of bitter principles and odorous compounds. Dr Abe V Rotor . HOW TO USE: Unstable angina: Intravenous (IV) puerarin has been used in studies of unstable angina at dosages of 200 to 500 mg daily for up to 28 days. The medicinal plants were described according to preparation techniques, mode of application, administration route, growth forms, habitat distribution, abundance and medicinal uses. ALOE VERA is a medicinal plant that’s been used to treat various health conditions for thousands of years. Medicinal Uses: Intestinal parasitism: ascaris and trichinosis. With the exception of certain products that are generally recognized as safe in normal quantities, including use of folic acid and prenatal vitamins during pregnancy, this product has not been sufficiently studied to determine whether it is safe to use during pregnancy or nursing or by persons younger than 2 years of age. Traditionally in … Medicinal properties of the oil are attributed to the presence of bitter principles and odorous compounds. Turmeric possesses multiple medicinal uses including treatment for AD. The . Other therapeutic properties as in Onion, Allium Cepa. Here are 22 health benefits and uses of baking soda. Medicinal Uses of Chhuimui. It grows up to 40 Cm. The plant is highly used in China for its aphrodisiac property as well as nocturnal emission [11]. The leaves and the bulbs are applied to bites, cuts and wounds. Certain constituents (eg, corosolic acid) possess hypoglycemic activity. Used against anemia. Japan [ edit ] In Japan, where the plant is known as nira ( 韮 ), it is used for both garlic and sweet flavours, in miso soups and salads, stir-fries with eggs (niratama), and Japanese dishes such as gyōza dumplings. Use for insect bite. Kalingag, mindanao cinnamon, Cinnamomum mercadoi, Kalingag tree - Herbal Medicine -An illustrated compilation of Philippine medicinal plants by Dr Godofredo Stuart, with botanical information, chemical properties, folkloric uses and research studies. specific objectives. 6. Yerba buena is also know for its medicinal properties. Leek (Kutsay) for insect bites and stings, promotes urine flow This plant is widely use in culinary purposes. If there are no signs of yellowing or other leaf damage after a day or two, it is safe to use. Other therapeutic They are a common ingredient in Chinese jiǎozi dumplings and the Japanese and Korean equivalents. European Commission guideline on 'Excipients in the labelling and package leaflet of medicinal products for human use' According to Directive 2001/83/EC, all excipients in parenteral, ocular and topical medicines, as well as the excipients listed in the annex to the guideline, must appear on the labelling. • Leaves taken internally, act as a cordial. Yerba buena is used as herbal medicine for the treatment of many ailments which has been traditionally used since ancient times. Helps fight tumors and bleeding piles. Sedative and antidepressant. Parts used: Flowers. Neem oil is used to treat certain chronic skin diseases, ulcers, different types of metritis, leprosy, gum and dental troubles. The seeds are None well documented. It is an anti-emetic herb that improves kidney function. Sa Pilipinas, dalawang uri ng halamang kinchai ang tumutubo: isang mas payat na mas makikita sa mga mabababang lugar (Chinese celery), at isa pa na may matabang tangkay na tumutubo naman sa matataas na lugar gaya ng Benguet (karaniwang Celery). Kuzu, A Medicinal Food. You can use the leaves of chives to add some essence to butter and cheese preparations. Traditional uses Allium tuberosum is used for the treatment of asthma, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nocturnal emission and diabetes in folklore medicine [10]. In TCM : Garlic Chives : Jiu Cai Zi Meridians associated : Liver and Kidney. Uses Edibility - The pineapple-shaped heart of the plant yields a sweet sticky juice, agave nectar, which can be made into a syrup and used as a sweetener, with a taste similar to honey. In China, they are often used to make dumplings with a combination of egg, shrimp, and pork. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. Common Health benefits from Yerba buena are as follows: Yerba Buena tea used as body pain reliever. They may have anticancer effects, among other health benefits. Notify … Adults: 1 teaspoon of powdered dried seeds, alone or mixed with condensed milk and followed by half a glass of water, taken as a single dose 2 hours after a meal; repeated after one week as needed. The estrogenic activity of kudzu and the cardioprotective effects of its constituent puerarin are also under investigation, but clinical trials are limited. they are often used in combination becau • Bark used for urinary tract infections by the Ifugao-migrants of the Sierra Madre. This study documents the medicinal plants used as medicines for the treatment of various diseases among the people of a rural community in Northern Philippines. It is used in railroad ties, ship-building, and high-grade construction where strength and durability is necessary. Scientific Name: Allium Schoenoprasum Linn. Kudzu was introduced to the United States in the late 1800s to control soil erosion.5 Although it is widely recognized as a ground cover and fodder crop in the Western world, kudzu also has a history of medicinal use in Asian cultures. Beginning in the sixth century BC, Chinese herbalists used the plant to prevent intoxication, reduce muscular pain, and treat measles.4, 6, Numerous reports have identified chemical constituents in various plant parts of kudzu.7, 8, 9 Flavonoid, isoflavonoid, and isoflavone content (including puerarin) has been identified in kudzu roots and flowers.10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 Kudzu contains a high total isoflavone content compared with other isoflavone-containing herbs, with the dry root containing as much as 5.32 mg/g.20, 21, Oleanene triterpene glycosides, also known as kudzu saponins, have been isolated from the plant.22, 23 Analysis of isoflavonoid aglycones and their glycosides has been performed.24 Robinin in kudzu leaf has also been reported.25 Other constituents evaluated include daidzin, daidzein, genistein, genestin,26 tectoridin,27 kakkalide,28 formononetin, biochanin A, and plant sterols.2, 4, 29, 30, 31 In addition, morphological and anatomical identification studies of kudzu have been performed.32, Available animal studies of the effects of kudzu on alcohol dependence have been reviewed.6, 33, 34 The isoflavones daidzin, daidzein, and puerarin may be responsible for the suppression of ethanol intake; although the mechanism of action is not certain, inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase is thought to be a major factor in kudzu's antidipsotropic activity.30, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, Few clinical trials evaluating the effects of kudzu on alcohol consumption have been conducted, with conflicting results.39 In a study of 38 military veterans, kudzu extract administered for 1 month had no effect on alcohol consumption patterns or cravings.40 Another small study (N=14) conducted over a period of several weeks demonstrated a reduction in the number of beers and total volume consumed by heavy drinkers.5, 41 The amount of isoflavone present in the extracts used in these 2 trials likely differed, which may account for the inconsistent results.5, More recent clinical studies available in the literature were all conducted by the same pool of researchers, with all demonstrating favorable effects of kudzu on moderate to heavy alcohol consumption.5, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, A kudzu ethanolic extract has been evaluated for antiproliferative activity against breast, ovarian, and cervical cancer cell lines, with some components demonstrating cytotoxic activity.47, Kudzu has been examined for its effects on vascular smooth muscle tissue48; for its potential effects in arrhythmia, ischemia, and angina pectoris49, 50, 51; and for its antioxidant activity.52, 53, A meta-analysis examined patients with unstable angina pectoris who received puerarin as an adjunct to conventional therapy. Scientific Name: Blumea balsamifera L. DC The leaves are hollow, cylindrical and closed at Kalingag, mindanao cinnamon, Cinnamomum mercadoi, Kalingag tree - Herbal Medicine -An illustrated compilation of Philippine medicinal plants by Dr Godofredo Stuart, with botanical information, chemical properties, folkloric uses and research studies. Unlike the use of giant banana leaves and coconut fronds, which are just about everywhere there are rice cakes and binalot meals, these leaves are seldom known to the rest of the populace, thus the lack of awareness and appreciation. The study focuses on off-label use of medicinal products for human use and does not cover medicinal products for veterinary use and medical devices. Sedative and antidepressant. The leaves are used as a flavoring in a similar way to chives, scallions, or garlic, and are included as a stir fry ingredient. * Kutsay (Chives) are cuts, bumps, scrapes, and bruises. Several in vitro and animal studies indicate glucose-lowering effects; therefore, additive effects are possible with use of antihyperglycemic agents.56, 57 Puerarin and other compounds from Radix puerariae (kudzu root) affect cytochrome P450 (CYP-450) isoenzymes; study results demonstrate contradictory effects (ie, a complex pattern of CYP modulation was observed, including both induction and inactivation).67, Kudzu has historically been used for medicinal purposes, with few reported adverse reactions.30 There are a few case reports of hypersensitivity reactions (ie, maculopapular drug eruption, Stevens-Johnson syndrome–type reaction) to the kudzu-containing Kakkonto decoction.68, Although data regarding use in traditional Chinese medicine indicate a lack of toxicity, the safety profile of kudzu and its extracts has not been determined by systematic pharmacologic screens.49 Acute toxicity of 4 Pueraria species has been studied comparatively.51. Kuchai or Chinese Chives are use in stir fry dishes. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. 3. of the study are: 1. Available for Android and iOS devices. To use your garlic oil spray, first test by spraying an inconspicuous part of the plant to see if your mixture harms it at all. Sliced kutsay are cooked with tofu by Chinese Filipino restaurants. * Kutsay (Chives) are cuts, bumps, scrapes, and bruises. The oil is distilled from freshly harvested flowers. Last updated on Jul 22, 2020. The plant is also repellant against flies, moths, mosquitoes and common garden pest, including African Giant Snail. Kuzu, for the Kitchen, the Medicine Chest, and the Suitcase. Potted kutsay serves as ornamental and food condiment. Remove makeup – It may not be as effective as castor oil, but it works too. Not only do chives impart a flavor to many recipes, chives also offer some health benefits. If there is leaf damage, dilute the mixture with more water and try the test again." Keywords: Ethnomedicinal plants, Ilongot-Eǵongot, Aurora Introduction The Philippines recognizes over 170 ethnolinguistic and 110 indigenous groups including the ethnic groups of Northern Luzon that has ten primary cultural groups that includes the Ilongots (Casal et al., 1981; PCHRD, 2015). Over time, through emulation of the behavior of fauna, a medicinal knowledge base developed and passed between generations. Leek (Kutsay) for insect bites and stings, promotes urine flow This plant is widely use in culinary purposes. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. In Manipur and other northeastern states of India, it is grown and used as a substitute for garlic and onion in cooking and is known as maroi nakuppi in Manipuri. there are many drugs available to decrease joint pain, swelling and inflammation, and possibly prevent or minimize the progression of the inflammatory disease. Adverse effects: Abdominal pain, diarrhea. Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking. medicinal uses of this plants. and is the smallest, though the finest flavored of the onion tribe. A country lass, Isang displays a rare phenomenon of tillers (young plants)* arising from the inflorescence of Allium tuberosum. Uses have included as ornamental plants, including cut and dried flowers, culinary herbs, ... Other renderings include cuchay, kucai, kuchay, or kutsay. kutsay can be use as an alternative antiseptic for cut and wounds. • Curcumin / Uses / Biological Basis of Medical Efficacy: Study reports on its potential therapeutic applications, with increasing data in animal and human models. Unlike the use of giant banana leaves and coconut fronds, which are just about everywhere there are rice cakes and binalot meals, these leaves are seldom known to the rest of the populace, thus the lack of awareness and appreciation. • In Indo-Chiina, whole plant used as a diuretic. This product may adversely interact with certain health and medical conditions, other prescription and over-the-counter drugs, foods, or other dietary supplements. Banaba leaf preparations have been used in Philippine folk medicine for treatment of diabetes. Since its introduction to the United States, kudzu has become well established and proliferates in moist southern regions, where it is now considered an invasive plant. None well documented. This product has not been reviewed by the FDA to determine whether it is safe or effective and is not subject to the quality standards and safety information collection standards that are applicable to most prescription drugs. They are a common ingredient in Chinese jiǎozi dumplings and the Japanese and Korean equivalents. Most of the 41 included studies (N=2,953) were conducted among Chinese populations and were of small sample size. They can be propogated by using bulbs from mature plants. In another study, 2.4 g of kudzu root was given daily. You can also use the leaves to make herbal vinegar. Kutsay is a spice-vegetable known as nira in Japanese, gachoy in Cantonese, buchu in Korean, garlic chives, Chinese chives. is eaten when fresh to take care of the ailments listed under. Halaman (Medicinal Herbs & Plants ) * Subusob leaves are used to treat complications dealing with the reproductive system. • Externally, the fresh leaves and bulbs are used as antiseptic and vulnerary. They are used in India in the treatment of spermatorrhoea. Uses Edibility - The pineapple-shaped heart of the plant yields a sweet sticky juice, agave nectar, which can be made into a syrup and used as a sweetener, with a taste similar to honey. Studies have shown that Yerba buena contains pulegone, menthol, menthene, menthenone and limonene. The seed is carminative and stomachic. Chives are widely used in salads and dressings Kutchay is an Ilocano term used to refer to garlic chives - an herb. Kudzu is a fast-growing vine native to the subtropical regions of China and Japan, as well as some other Pacific islands.1, 2 The plant consists of leaves (containing 3 broad oval leaflets), purple flowers, and curling tendril spikes.3, 4 Because the stem grows up to 20 m in length and due to its extensive root system, kudzu has been used to control soil erosion. Convergence with some mechanisms known for standard antidepressants is recognized, together with the overlapping of its anti-depressant pharmacology with those of other disease states. Even earlier, Neanderthals may have engaged in medical practices. Even earlier, Neanderthals may have engaged in medical practices. black and two or three-seeded. Ito ay maliit na halaman lamang na may malambot na mga sanga. Adverse effects: Abdominal pain, diarrhea. * Laya (Ginger) is used for treating sprained extremities. Use for insect bite. The medicinal plants were described according to preparation techniques, mode of application, administration route, growth forms, habitat distribution, abundance and medicinal uses. In China, they are often used to make dumplings with a combination of egg, shrimp, and pork. Children: 7-8 years old: 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoon; 9-12 years old: 1/2 to 2/3 teaspoon. If there is leaf damage, dilute the mixture with more water and try the test again." turmeric, echinacea, saw palmetto, milk thistle, Ginkgo Biloba. Because kudzu may decrease blood glucose, additive effects are possible with use of antihyperglycemic agents. Beginning in the sixth century BC, Chinese herbalists used the plant to prevent intoxication, reduce muscular pain, and treat measles.4, 6 Author TagalogLang Posted on November 11, 2019 November 12, 2019 Categories COOKING IN THE PHILIPPINES, TAGALOG-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Contraindications have not been identified. This study documents the medicinal plants used as medicines for the treatment of various diseases among the people of a rural community in Northern Philippines. I always have this with a chicken porridge added a calamansi and pepper. Several animal studies of banaba have demonstrated hypoglycemic effects, but more clinical studies are needed. Best used for Kidney and Liver Problems. Chinese chives (Allum tuberosum), a popular Chinese medicinal herb has long been used to treat fatigue, help control excessive bleeding and as an antidote for ingested poisons; the leaves are applied to insect bites, cuts, and wounds while the seeds are used to treat kidney, liver, and digestive system ailments. Avoid use. A careful survey of Philippine regional cuisine would reveal a number of obscure leaves that are being used to flavor some homegrown dishes. Medicinal Uses: Intestinal parasitism: ascaris and trichinosis. A few case reports of hypersensitivity reactions (ie, maculopapular drug eruption, Stevens-Johnson syndrome–type reaction) exist. You can also use them to flavor soups, salads, sauces, meat and egg preparations, etc. To use your garlic oil spray, first test by spraying an inconspicuous part of the plant to see if your mixture harms it at all. Kudzu is being investigated for its potential use as a therapy for alcoholism; however, sufficient and consistent clinical trials are lacking. Log in Ask Question Home Science Math History Literature Technology Health Law Business All Topics Random According to the horticulture center at … It is used internally to treat urinary incontinence, kidney and bladder weaknesses etc. Folkloric - For cleansing the blood, a cup daily of an infusion of two grams of finely chopped leaves in each cup of water. Keywords: Ethnomedicinal plants, Ilongot-Eǵongot, Aurora Introduction The Philippines recognizes over 170 ethnolinguistic and 110 indigenous groups including the ethnic groups of Northern Luzon that has ten primary cultural groups that includes the Ilongots (Casal et al., 1981; PCHRD, 2015). Required fields are marked * Comment . It is both The flowers of the chives plant have a mild onion flavor – and can be sprinkled onto salads. Some studies have shown that neem … the top. cultivated, and grown wild. You can also use the leaves to make herbal vinegar. Unauthorised medicinal products are also beyond the scope of this report. The meta-analysis reported improvements in the incidence of angina pectoris, electrocardiogram findings, nitroglycerin consumption, and plasma endothelin levels.54, A small 12-week study (N=15) reported decreased blood pressure and enhanced plasma fibrinolytic activity with daily consumption of Indian kudzu (P. tuberosa).55, Isoflavones in P. lobata have demonstrated alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effects in vitro, while other constituents (eg, puerarin) have resulted in increased glucose utilization in rat models.56, 57, In a study of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, improvements in memory and cognitive function, as well as changes in acetylcholinesterase activity, were observed.58, The high isoflavone content of kudzu has prompted investigation of the potential estrogenic activity of kudzu extracts.
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